GHK-Cu references and the cited copper-peptide literature

How to read these GHK-Cu references

These GHK-Cu references are the peer-reviewed sources cited throughout this site, listed in the order they are numbered in the text. Each entry carries a DOI or PubMed identifier so any claim can be traced to its origin. The list spans the foundational work — Maquart's 1988 collagen dose-response and Pickart's tissue-remodeling and gene-expression reviews — through recent 2023-2025 studies on biomaterial delivery, infected-wound hydrogels, and topical anti-wrinkle formulation.

The record is deliberately bounded. Much of the foundational mechanistic and review literature originates from a single investigator and colleagues, the controlled human trials are small, and no validated human pharmacokinetic study exists. Reading the sources directly is the best way to see both what each study measured and where it stops.